• The small GTPase Ran regulates karyopherin cargo

  2021-06-23

  

  The small GTPase Ran regulates karyopherin–cargo interactions and the directionality of karyopherin-mediated transport. Like other Ras-family GTPases, Ran cycles between GTP- and GDP-bound states, and the two surface loops in Ran, referred to as the switch I and switch II loops, undergo significant

• br Funding This work was supported by

  2021-06-23

  

  Funding This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 81671411); Beijing Natural Science Foundation (grant number 7162062); Beijing Nova Program Interdisciplinary Cooperation Projects (grant number Z161100004916045); Beijing Municipality Health Technolo

• Estrogen related receptors ERRs are orphan nuclear receptors

  2021-06-23

  

  Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) are orphan nuclear receptors and have three members including ERRα, ERRβ, and ERRγ (Yasumoto et al., 2007). Though they are termed as ERRs due to the sequence homology with estrogen receptors, they don’t need to bind estrogens to exert action. Generally, ERRs bind t

• Molecular docking study of compound was performed using

  2021-06-23

  

  Molecular docking study of Reparixin was performed using the Schrödinger Small-Molecule Drug Discovery Suite taking advantage of known X-ray crystal structures of activated EPAC2 protein. The model shows that compound occupies the CBD of EPAC2 and forms hydrogen bonds with Arg448 and the cyano-hydra

• 11e receptor The cpm corresponding to bound substrate in the

  2021-06-23

  

  The cpm corresponding to bound substrate in the sample well can be expressed as the difference between the total cpm in the sample well (3Hswtotal; 14Cswtotal) and the cpm for the unbound substrate in the sample well, as illustrated by Eq. (2): By combining Eqs. (1), (2), cpm for the bound substrat

• br EBV Infection Epstein Barr virus

  2021-06-23

  

  EBV Infection Epstein–Barr virus (EBV, human herpesvirus 4) was discovered 50 years ago, when Epstein, Achong, and Barr used electron microscopy to identify viral particles in Burkitt's lymphoma cells. It belongs to the lymphocryptovirus (LCV) genus of the gammaherpesvirus subfamily (Fig. 1A). Th

• The absence of the LIG gene in yeasts

  2021-06-22

  

  The absence of the LIG3 gene in yeasts has prevented the use of genetically tractable lower eukaryotes, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, as models to gain insights into the cellular functions of and interplay between the DNA ligases encoded by the LIG1, LIG3 and LIG4 g

• DDR expression is upregulated in the glomeruli and

  2021-06-22

  

  DDR1 expression is upregulated in the glomeruli and tubules of injured kidneys [7], [8], [19]; however, what role this receptor plays in kidney resident AXL1717 is unclear. A plausible hypothesis is that DDR1 might contribute to kidney injury by directly exerting a pro-fibrotic action. In favor to

• br Pre clinical combination studies using CSF CSF R

  2021-06-22

  

  Pre-clinical combination studies using CSF-1/CSF-1R inhibitors In preclinical models, the CSF-1R pathway can be blocked by using either small molecule kinase inhibitors (GW2580 [30], PLX3397 [31], Ki20227 [32], BLZ945 [33] and CYC11645 [34]), antibody-mediated inhibition of CSF-1 using 5A1 [35] o

• The importance of G S phase progression to

  2021-06-22

  

  The importance of G1–S phase progression to the formation of malignant tumors has been highlighted by the high incidence of aberrations in the genes involved in this progression in a wide variety of tumors. p27Kip1 is a member of the Cip/Kip family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKI). Its ro

• Analysis of DNA fragmentation We followed

  2021-06-22

  

  Analysis of DNA fragmentation. We followed a modified Hirt extraction procedure for analysis of DNA fragmentation. Cells were suspended in TNE buffer (1M NaCl, 20mM Tris–HCl, pH 7.4, 2mM EDTA, and 0.6% SDS) at a density of 106 cells/ml and incubated overnight on ice. The next day, cellular debris wa

• Dose response analysis Fig can

  2021-06-22

  

  Dose response analysis (Fig. 2) can be performed on 1632 sale in culture, in tissue, in animals or even in patients. Many different responses can be measured, including mRNA levels, reporter gene activity, gene product (e.g. enzyme) activity or even physiological functions such as inhibition of ovu

• flavopiridol receptor br Effects of estrogens on bone Estrog

  2021-06-22

  

  Effects of estrogens on bone Estrogens play an important role in bone remodeling, as demonstrated by studies in mice in which the ER genes were deleted [21], [22]. ERβ compensates for the flavopiridol receptor of ERα, and vice versa, but when both ERs are deleted a profound decrease in trabecula

• Prote Carbonization and decarbonation are two different phas

  2021-06-22

  

  Carbonization and decarbonation are two different phases in the decomposition of rice husk. Silica in RHA melts around 1440°C [5]. Burning of rice husk at temperature lower than 800°C produces reactive amorphous silica which contains approximately 90% silica, whereas above this temperature some crys

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2021-06-22

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion PKA and Epac are two principal effector proteins involved in cAMP signaling; they are expressed in a wide range of tissues and control diverse biological functions [10]. The existence of two cAMP effectors provides more precise regulation of cAMP sig

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